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Images of 'Monkey-demons' found, 45

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Add 15296 (2) f.59r, The monkeys who went south, including Hanuman and Angada, come across a huge asura (demon), blue and scaly, with horns and a mace. Thinking he is Ravana, Angada knocks him to the ground and disembowels him, while the other monkeys watch from the rocks. But they search the mountains in vain for Sita.

Add 15296 (2) f.59r, The monkeys who went south, including Hanuman and Angada, come across a huge asura (demon), blue and scaly, with horns and a mace. Thinking he is Ravana, Angada knocks him to the ground and disembowels him, while the other monkeys watch from the rocks. But they search the mountains in vain for Sita.

Indian School, (17th century)

BL3283062

Okimono of two demons fighting, watched by two monkeys (ivory)

Okimono of two demons fighting, watched by two monkeys (ivory)

Japanese School

WAG451600

Rāma and his allies continue to advance on Kumbhakará¹‡a, who has gathered up armfuls of monkeys and is crushing them against his chest before devouring them. Aṅgada and SugrÄ«va advance on the giant and destroy his chariot with their rocks, but Aṅgada is wounded. Demons behind him, one wearing an Isfahani turban, still aim arrows.

Rāma and his allies continue to advance on Kumbhakará¹‡a, who has gathered up armfuls of monkeys and is crushing them against his chest before devouring them. Aṅgada and SugrÄ«va advance on the giant and destroy his chariot with their rocks, but Aṅgada is wounded. Demons behind him, one wearing an Isfahani turban, still aim arrows.

BL3283106

Kumbha and Nikumbha fight with the monkey leaders. Rāma and the other leaders look on from the left. Aṅgada, whose eyelids have been cut off by Kumbha previously, is fighting with blood streaming down his face against a boar-headed demon. Kumbha's head is pierced with a dagger and Nikumbha appears to be falling with an arrow in his chest. On the right, a demon has picked up a monkey; another monkey is struggling with a demon and a third demon falls back with his head split open. Three animal-headed demons talk to Rāvaṇa, who appears at the jharokhā window of his palace above.

Kumbha and Nikumbha fight with the monkey leaders. Rāma and the other leaders look on from the left. Aṅgada, whose eyelids have been cut off by Kumbha previously, is fighting with blood streaming down his face against a boar-headed demon. Kumbha's head is pierced with a dagger and Nikumbha appears to be falling with an arrow in his chest. On the right, a demon has picked up a monkey; another monkey is struggling with a demon and a third demon falls back with his head split open. Three animal-headed demons talk to Rāvaṇa, who appears at the jharokhā window of his palace above.

BL3283121

Monkey warrior fighting a demon, scene from the Ramakien (Thai version of the Ramayana)

Monkey warrior fighting a demon, scene from the Ramakien (Thai version of the Ramayana)

BL3296147

A demon trying to attack monkeys in the forest, scene from the Ramakien (Thai version of the Ramayana)

A demon trying to attack monkeys in the forest, scene from the Ramakien (Thai version of the Ramayana)

BL3296186

Add 15296 (2) f.68r, The monkeys have resolved to die by starving themselves to death on the shores of the southern ocean rather than return to face their king's wrath. They are seen by the wingless vulture Sampati, brother of the vulture king Jatayu, who had died trying to save Sita from the demon. Sampati had lost his wings through flying too near the sun. They tell him of Jatayu's death at the demon's hand. Sampati tellSitaem that he had seen the demon king Ravana in his aerial chariot abducting a woman, who was calling out constantly the name of Rama. The monkeys carry Sampati down from his cave in the mountain and he tells Angada and the others where Ravana has taken Sita. Ravana, he tells them, rules the kingdom of Lanka, a hundred leagues across the sea. The monkeys carry him to the shore of the ocean, where he performs the funeral rites for his brother.

Add 15296 (2) f.68r, The monkeys have resolved to die by starving themselves to death on the shores of the southern ocean rather than return to face their king's wrath. They are seen by the wingless vulture Sampati, brother of the vulture king Jatayu, who had died trying to save Sita from the demon. Sampati had lost his wings through flying too near the sun. They tell him of Jatayu's death at the demon's hand. Sampati tellSitaem that he had seen the demon king Ravana in his aerial chariot abducting a woman, who was calling out constantly the name of Rama. The monkeys carry Sampati down from his cave in the mountain and he tells Angada and the others where Ravana has taken Sita. Ravana, he tells them, rules the kingdom of Lanka, a hundred leagues across the sea. The monkeys carry him to the shore of the ocean, where he performs the funeral rites for his brother.

Indian School, (17th century)

BL3283070

The monkeys advance against Rāvaṇa's sons and brothers, brandishing trees, and a terrific mÃªlée ensues while Rāma and his generals look on. One monkey wields a dead demon and another an elephant as weapons. Aṅgada and SugrÄ«va stand by VibhÄ«á¹£aá¹‡a, watching NarÄntaka spear three monkeys together, and SugrÄ«va sends Aṅgada to fight him. Aṅgada then kills NarÄntaka's horse, whirling it round his head, and finally crushes NarÄntaka himself with a blow to his chest. Other monkeys fight with Mahodara and the other demon warriors.

The monkeys advance against Rāvaṇa's sons and brothers, brandishing trees, and a terrific mÃªlée ensues while Rāma and his generals look on. One monkey wields a dead demon and another an elephant as weapons. Aṅgada and SugrÄ«va stand by VibhÄ«á¹£aá¹‡a, watching NarÄntaka spear three monkeys together, and SugrÄ«va sends Aṅgada to fight him. Aṅgada then kills NarÄntaka's horse, whirling it round his head, and finally crushes NarÄntaka himself with a blow to his chest. Other monkeys fight with Mahodara and the other demon warriors.

BL3283111

Monkey warrior fighting a demon, scene from the Ramakien (Thai version of the Ramayana)

Monkey warrior fighting a demon, scene from the Ramakien (Thai version of the Ramayana)

BL3296150

Various individual combats take place between monkeys and demons. SugrÄ«va, at the bottom, wielding a tree, first kills VirūpÄká¹£a and then Mahodara, at the top, whose head he cuts off. Aṅgada meanwhile is advancing on MahÄpÄrÅ›va and eventually kills him. The leaders are held in reserve on each side.

Various individual combats take place between monkeys and demons. SugrÄ«va, at the bottom, wielding a tree, first kills VirūpÄká¹£a and then Mahodara, at the top, whose head he cuts off. Aṅgada meanwhile is advancing on MahÄpÄrÅ›va and eventually kills him. The leaders are held in reserve on each side.

BL3283139

A furious battle scene between the monkeys and the demons in the Nikumbhila grove. Indrajit's sacrificial fire has been left unattended in the top right. On the left, news is being brought to Rama

A furious battle scene between the monkeys and the demons in the Nikumbhila grove. Indrajit's sacrificial fire has been left unattended in the top right. On the left, news is being brought to Rama

BL3282955

Bears and Monkeys Battle Raksasas, from Guler, Punjab Hills, c.1725 (ink on paper)

Bears and Monkeys Battle Raksasas, from Guler, Punjab Hills, c.1725 (ink on paper)

Manaku (c.1700-60) (attr. to)

BST263704

Rāvaṇa's younger brother MattÄnika, also known as MahÄpÄrÅ›va, is attacked in his chariot by the monkey á¹šá¹£abha and slain with the mace which he has wrested from him. Lakṣmaṇa then slays another of Rāvaṇa's sons, AtikÄya; his head is severed by the BrahmÄ weapon, which the god VÄyu (a little figure mounted on a deer) whispers into Lakṣmaṇa's ear he is to use, as AtikÄya is impervious to all other weapons. VibhÄ«á¹£aá¹‡a, in the upper left corner, tells Rāma that AtikÄya is a demon, who through his austerities had obtained favours from all the gods. Monkeys and demons lie about slain, and some demons retreat to Laṅkā.

Rāvaṇa's younger brother MattÄnika, also known as MahÄpÄrÅ›va, is attacked in his chariot by the monkey á¹šá¹£abha and slain with the mace which he has wrested from him. Lakṣmaṇa then slays another of Rāvaṇa's sons, AtikÄya; his head is severed by the BrahmÄ weapon, which the god VÄyu (a little figure mounted on a deer) whispers into Lakṣmaṇa's ear he is to use, as AtikÄya is impervious to all other weapons. VibhÄ«á¹£aá¹‡a, in the upper left corner, tells Rāma that AtikÄya is a demon, who through his austerities had obtained favours from all the gods. Monkeys and demons lie about slain, and some demons retreat to Laṅkā.

BL3283114

Behind the intermediate horizon above, Indrajit is fighting with monkeys and with Rāma and Lakṣmaṇa, who are using their bows. On the right, Indrajit drives off in his chariot and, below, in a sacrifical chamber makes offerings to the fire, including a young black goat; other demons bring more offerings. On the left below, Rāma, having heard Hanumān's news of Sītā's death, has fallen to the ground and lies cradled in the arms of Lakṣmaṇa, who attempts to console him, but VibhÄ«á¹£aá¹‡a assures him that Rāvaṇa would not allow Sītā to be hurt. Heaps of wounded monkeys lie around.

Behind the intermediate horizon above, Indrajit is fighting with monkeys and with Rāma and Lakṣmaṇa, who are using their bows. On the right, Indrajit drives off in his chariot and, below, in a sacrifical chamber makes offerings to the fire, including a young black goat; other demons bring more offerings. On the left below, Rāma, having heard Hanumān's news of Sītā's death, has fallen to the ground and lies cradled in the arms of Lakṣmaṇa, who attempts to console him, but VibhÄ«á¹£aá¹‡a assures him that Rāvaṇa would not allow Sītā to be hurt. Heaps of wounded monkeys lie around.

BL3283129

The result of the general assault has been inconclusive and the battle has continued long into the night. Aṅgada thought he had killed Indrajit, but the demon had just made himself invisible in his sky-chariot, and now has pierced Rāma and Lakṣmaṇa with his magic weapons. Rāma and Lakṣmaṇa lie on the battlefield, ensnared in these serpentine coils, while the monkeys give way to despair. VibhÄ«á¹£aá¹‡a consoles them as he knows that Rāma will not die from these weapons. Indrajit returns in triumph to his father Rāvaṇa, who rises from his seat to congratulate him. Rāvaṇa then makes Trijaá¹Ä, one of the female demons, take Sītā in his flying chariot over the battlefield to see her husband and his brother apparently lying slain.

The result of the general assault has been inconclusive and the battle has continued long into the night. Aṅgada thought he had killed Indrajit, but the demon had just made himself invisible in his sky-chariot, and now has pierced Rāma and Lakṣmaṇa with his magic weapons. Rāma and Lakṣmaṇa lie on the battlefield, ensnared in these serpentine coils, while the monkeys give way to despair. VibhÄ«á¹£aá¹‡a consoles them as he knows that Rāma will not die from these weapons. Indrajit returns in triumph to his father Rāvaṇa, who rises from his seat to congratulate him. Rāvaṇa then makes Trijaá¹Ä, one of the female demons, take Sītā in his flying chariot over the battlefield to see her husband and his brother apparently lying slain.

BL3283086

Statues of monkey-demons, Wat Phra Kaew temple, Grand Palace, Bangkok, Thailand, Southeast Asia, Asia (photo)

Statues of monkey-demons, Wat Phra Kaew temple, Grand Palace, Bangkok, Thailand, Southeast Asia, Asia (photo)

Sergi Reboredo

SRB3585141

Statues of monkey-demons, Wat Phra Kaew temple, Grand Palace, Bangkok, Thailand, Southeast Asia, Asia (photo)

Statues of monkey-demons, Wat Phra Kaew temple, Grand Palace, Bangkok, Thailand, Southeast Asia, Asia (photo)

Sergi Reboredo

SRB3585144

In this battle scene Rāma, Lakṣmaṇa and VibhÄ«á¹£aá¹‡a are showering arrows at the enemy forces, while Aṅgada has jumped onto Indrajit's elephant and is biting at the demon's neck. The golden walls of Laṅkā have almost disappeared beneath the struggling mass of monkeys and titans.

In this battle scene Rāma, Lakṣmaṇa and VibhÄ«á¹£aá¹‡a are showering arrows at the enemy forces, while Aṅgada has jumped onto Indrajit's elephant and is biting at the demon's neck. The golden walls of Laṅkā have almost disappeared beneath the struggling mass of monkeys and titans.

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Rāma and Lakṣmaṇa continue to pour arrows into the body of Kumbhakará¹‡a, who has monkeys and bears clinging to him and attacking him, while he stuffs one into his mouth and crushes others beneath him. Rāma's great arrow has cut off his left arm. Other demons begin to retreat.

Rāma and Lakṣmaṇa continue to pour arrows into the body of Kumbhakará¹‡a, who has monkeys and bears clinging to him and attacking him, while he stuffs one into his mouth and crushes others beneath him. Rāma's great arrow has cut off his left arm. Other demons begin to retreat.

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Rama and Hanuman fighting against Ravana the demon, scene from the Ramayana (colour litho)

Rama and Hanuman fighting against Ravana the demon, scene from the Ramayana (colour litho)

LIT423610

VibhÄ«á¹£aá¹‡a is overcome with grief at the death of his brother, who despite his wickedness acted out his life in accordance with the dharma into which he was born. Rāma consoles him and in full council instructs VibhÄ«á¹£aá¹‡a and the remaining demons to perform Rāvaṇa's funeral rites, the wood for which is gathered by monkeys and demons. He tells Lakṣmaṇa to consecrate VibhÄ«á¹£aá¹‡a king of Laṅkā. Rāvaṇa's body is prepared for cremation by his lamenting wives, headed by his chief wife MandodarÄ«. With eloquent gestures the women express their grief and MandodarÄ« unbraids her hair in the traditional gesture of the bereaved wife.

VibhÄ«á¹£aá¹‡a is overcome with grief at the death of his brother, who despite his wickedness acted out his life in accordance with the dharma into which he was born. Rāma consoles him and in full council instructs VibhÄ«á¹£aá¹‡a and the remaining demons to perform Rāvaṇa's funeral rites, the wood for which is gathered by monkeys and demons. He tells Lakṣmaṇa to consecrate VibhÄ«á¹£aá¹‡a king of Laṅkā. Rāvaṇa's body is prepared for cremation by his lamenting wives, headed by his chief wife MandodarÄ«. With eloquent gestures the women express their grief and MandodarÄ« unbraids her hair in the traditional gesture of the bereaved wife.

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Angered by the Ocean's non-cooperation, Rāma attacked it with all the weapons at his command and the boiling sea eventually spewed up the appalled Ocean god in person, who advised him that he could not part the waves for him but that he should tell the monkey engineer Nala, the son of the divine architect ViÅ›vakarma, to build a bridge across the sea to Laṅkā. For five days the monkeys then heaved great stones and trees into the ocean to construct a bridge a hundred leagues in length. It is now complete and the monkeys cross over the bridge, Rāma and Lakṣmaṇa again mounted on Hanumān and Aṅgada, while VibhÄ«á¹£aá¹‡a and his demons fly across above them. On the far side, demons look out from the walls of Laṅkā, while two monkeys spread out Rāma's tiger skin.

Angered by the Ocean's non-cooperation, Rāma attacked it with all the weapons at his command and the boiling sea eventually spewed up the appalled Ocean god in person, who advised him that he could not part the waves for him but that he should tell the monkey engineer Nala, the son of the divine architect ViÅ›vakarma, to build a bridge across the sea to Laṅkā. For five days the monkeys then heaved great stones and trees into the ocean to construct a bridge a hundred leagues in length. It is now complete and the monkeys cross over the bridge, Rāma and Lakṣmaṇa again mounted on Hanumān and Aṅgada, while VibhÄ«á¹£aá¹‡a and his demons fly across above them. On the far side, demons look out from the walls of Laṅkā, while two monkeys spread out Rāma's tiger skin.

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Demon riding on monkey statue, Angkor Ban Village (photo)

Demon riding on monkey statue, Angkor Ban Village (photo)

Stephen Coyne

SCN7431524

As yet more of the demons' champions have been slain by the monkey heroes, Indrajit is sent out once more by Rāvaṇa to do battle. He advances in his chariot invisibly, while the monkeys wield rocks and trees in vain, and Rāma and Lakṣmaṇa prepare. Other monkeys hide behind rocks or in a tree, terrified of the darkness which Indrajit has made cover the earth. Inscribed in the margin above the demon: Iá¹ƒdrajit.

As yet more of the demons' champions have been slain by the monkey heroes, Indrajit is sent out once more by Rāvaṇa to do battle. He advances in his chariot invisibly, while the monkeys wield rocks and trees in vain, and Rāma and Lakṣmaṇa prepare. Other monkeys hide behind rocks or in a tree, terrified of the darkness which Indrajit has made cover the earth. Inscribed in the margin above the demon: Iá¹ƒdrajit.

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The monkeys set fire to Laṅkā, to its mansions, gateways and public buildings, destroying their fabric and contents. Laṅkā's inhabitants are roused from their dining tables or their beds and flee in terror. Elephants and horses run down to the sea, while courtesans run hither and thither. As the demons flee, they are attacked by the monkeys. Rāma and his allies look on and then stir themselves into action.

The monkeys set fire to Laṅkā, to its mansions, gateways and public buildings, destroying their fabric and contents. Laṅkā's inhabitants are roused from their dining tables or their beds and flee in terror. Elephants and horses run down to the sea, while courtesans run hither and thither. As the demons flee, they are attacked by the monkeys. Rāma and his allies look on and then stir themselves into action.

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The result of the general assault has been inconclusive and the battle has continued long into the night. Aṅgada thought he had killed Indrajit, but the demon had just made himself invisible in his sky-chariot, and now has pierced Rāma and Lakṣmaṇa with his magic weapons. Rāma and Lakṣmaṇa lie on the battlefield, ensnared in these serpentine coils, while the monkeys give way to despair. VibhÄ«á¹£aá¹‡a consoles them as he knows that Rāma will not die from these weapons. Indrajit returns in triumph to his father Rāvaṇa, who rises from his seat to congratulate him. Rāvaṇa then makes Trijaá¹Ä, one of the female demons, take Sītā in his flying chariot over the battlefield to see her husband and his brother apparently lying slain.

The result of the general assault has been inconclusive and the battle has continued long into the night. Aṅgada thought he had killed Indrajit, but the demon had just made himself invisible in his sky-chariot, and now has pierced Rāma and Lakṣmaṇa with his magic weapons. Rāma and Lakṣmaṇa lie on the battlefield, ensnared in these serpentine coils, while the monkeys give way to despair. VibhÄ«á¹£aá¹‡a consoles them as he knows that Rāma will not die from these weapons. Indrajit returns in triumph to his father Rāvaṇa, who rises from his seat to congratulate him. Rāvaṇa then makes Trijaá¹Ä, one of the female demons, take Sītā in his flying chariot over the battlefield to see her husband and his brother apparently lying slain.

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Three of Rāvaṇa's chief generals (DhūmrÄká¹£a, Akampana, Vajradaṃṣṭra) having already been slain in combat in the field, Prahasta, the chief of Rāvaṇa's army, sets out in his chariot surrounded by his army ('like a herd of elephants', here interpreted literally). Ill-omens attend him. A vulture perches on his battle standard which contains the sun, then a cloud showers blood upon him and finally the pole of his standard breaks. The monkey chief Nīla first attacks him with a tree and then crushes him with a rock. Nīla is congratulated by the allies, while Rāvaṇa, seen here at the jharokhā window of his palace, and the demons are sunk in gloom.

Three of Rāvaṇa's chief generals (DhūmrÄká¹£a, Akampana, Vajradaṃṣṭra) having already been slain in combat in the field, Prahasta, the chief of Rāvaṇa's army, sets out in his chariot surrounded by his army ('like a herd of elephants', here interpreted literally). Ill-omens attend him. A vulture perches on his battle standard which contains the sun, then a cloud showers blood upon him and finally the pole of his standard breaks. The monkey chief Nīla first attacks him with a tree and then crushes him with a rock. Nīla is congratulated by the allies, while Rāvaṇa, seen here at the jharokhā window of his palace, and the demons are sunk in gloom.

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Wat Phra Kaeo, Golden Chedi, Detail, 2019 (photo)

Wat Phra Kaeo, Golden Chedi, Detail, 2019 (photo)

Stephane Aubin

PIX6039586

Wat Phra Kaeo, Chedi Doréhedi, 2019 (photo)

Wat Phra Kaeo, Chedi Doréhedi, 2019 (photo)

Stephane Aubin

PIX6039596

Wat Phra Kaeo, Golden Chedi, Detail, 2019 (photo)

Wat Phra Kaeo, Golden Chedi, Detail, 2019 (photo)

Stephane Aubin

PIX6039587

Wat Phra Kaeo, Golden Chedi, Detail, 2019 (photo)

Wat Phra Kaeo, Golden Chedi, Detail, 2019 (photo)

Stephane Aubin

PIX6039585

Rāvaṇa, in his palace, orders Kumbha and Nikumbha, the sons of Kumbhakará¹‡a, to do battle along with other demons. They set out from the city, the two brothers in one chariot, the others on elephant and horseback, and are met by the monkeys showering them with rocks and wielding trees. Rāma, Lakṣmaṇa and VibhÄ«á¹£aá¹‡a look on.

Rāvaṇa, in his palace, orders Kumbha and Nikumbha, the sons of Kumbhakará¹‡a, to do battle along with other demons. They set out from the city, the two brothers in one chariot, the others on elephant and horseback, and are met by the monkeys showering them with rocks and wielding trees. Rāma, Lakṣmaṇa and VibhÄ«á¹£aá¹‡a look on.

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Rāvaṇa has a brother, the giant Kumbhakará¹‡a, whom BrahmÄ had cursed to spend most of his life asleep. Rāvaṇa decides that he needs him to fight Rāma and sends an army of his demons to waken the monster. The demons try to rouse the prostrate Kumbhakará¹‡a by making the most enormous din, and when that fails, they hit him with weapons and clubs and shout in his ear. Women play musical instruments, a donkey brays and elephants trumpet. Piles of food, dead animals and monkeys, and jars of liquid, blood and wine and fat, lie waiting his wakening.

Rāvaṇa has a brother, the giant Kumbhakará¹‡a, whom BrahmÄ had cursed to spend most of his life asleep. Rāvaṇa decides that he needs him to fight Rāma and sends an army of his demons to waken the monster. The demons try to rouse the prostrate Kumbhakará¹‡a by making the most enormous din, and when that fails, they hit him with weapons and clubs and shout in his ear. Women play musical instruments, a donkey brays and elephants trumpet. Piles of food, dead animals and monkeys, and jars of liquid, blood and wine and fat, lie waiting his wakening.

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Nightmare With Ape, 2018 (acrylic paint on illustration board)

premium — Nightmare With Ape, 2018 (acrylic paint on illustration board)

Nightmare With Ape, 2018 (acrylic paint on illustration board)

KLZ8612062

Rāvaṇa has sent out his spies Åšuka and SÄraá¹‡a from Laṅkā, depicted on the right, where Rāvaṇa and his chief generals are seated in council. They are commanded to find out the strengths and weaknesses of the enemy and to report on their leaders. Rāma and Lakṣmaṇa and their generals - the monkeys headed by SugrÄ«va, the bears under their king JÄmbavÄn, and the friendly demons under VibhÄ«á¹£aá¹‡a - are seated in discussion under a tree on the left. The monkeys and a bear begin to encircle the city.

Rāvaṇa has sent out his spies Åšuka and SÄraá¹‡a from Laṅkā, depicted on the right, where Rāvaṇa and his chief generals are seated in council. They are commanded to find out the strengths and weaknesses of the enemy and to report on their leaders. Rāma and Lakṣmaṇa and their generals - the monkeys headed by SugrÄ«va, the bears under their king JÄmbavÄn, and the friendly demons under VibhÄ«á¹£aá¹‡a - are seated in discussion under a tree on the left. The monkeys and a bear begin to encircle the city.

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Minamoto no Yorimasa (Raiko) and Ino Hayata Tadazumi kill the Nue, 19th century (ink on paper)

Minamoto no Yorimasa (Raiko) and Ino Hayata Tadazumi kill the Nue, 19th century (ink on paper)

Japanese School, (19th century)

MAI6404925

The Ramlila spectacle at Benares

The Ramlila spectacle at Benares

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Rāma sends Hanumān to VibhÄ«á¹£aá¹‡a in the city to tell him to bring Sītā suitably adorned into his presence. Women bring her dresses and jewels. Sītā is brought to Rāma in a palanquin by Hanumān and VibhÄ«á¹£aá¹‡a and his demons. VibhÄ«á¹£aá¹‡a attempts to drive off the crowd so that Sītā should not be seen by strangers, but disguising his happiness Rāma says it is not forbidden to look on a woman who has fallen into distress. Many monkeys clamber up on the hill to see Sītā emerge from her palanquin. Rāma repudiates her: she has lived in another man's house and hence it would not be fitting for him to take her back. Grief-stricken, she replies that it is not possible for her to live without Rāma and asks Lakṣmaṇa to prepare a funeral pyre for her to test her chastity.

Rāma sends Hanumān to VibhÄ«á¹£aá¹‡a in the city to tell him to bring Sītā suitably adorned into his presence. Women bring her dresses and jewels. Sītā is brought to Rāma in a palanquin by Hanumān and VibhÄ«á¹£aá¹‡a and his demons. VibhÄ«á¹£aá¹‡a attempts to drive off the crowd so that Sītā should not be seen by strangers, but disguising his happiness Rāma says it is not forbidden to look on a woman who has fallen into distress. Many monkeys clamber up on the hill to see Sītā emerge from her palanquin. Rāma repudiates her: she has lived in another man's house and hence it would not be fitting for him to take her back. Grief-stricken, she replies that it is not possible for her to live without Rāma and asks Lakṣmaṇa to prepare a funeral pyre for her to test her chastity.

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For seven days and seven nights the conflict between the two rages. Rāma's arrows cut off each of Rāvaṇa's heads in turn, only to see them grow again, and Rāma is despairing of ever finding a weapon that will finish the demon forever. MÄtali, his charioteer, then reminds Rāma to use his BrahmÄ weapon, which he fires while reciting the required sacred formulae. This weapon pierces Rāvaṇa's breast and comes out the other side, before returning submissively to Rāma's quiver. Rāvaṇa finally falls lifeless from his chariot. The celestials rejoice and the surviving demons depart. Rāma receives the homage of VibhÄ«á¹£aá¹‡a, whom he consoles on the death of his brother, and that of all the monkey leaders and JÄmbavÄn.

For seven days and seven nights the conflict between the two rages. Rāma's arrows cut off each of Rāvaṇa's heads in turn, only to see them grow again, and Rāma is despairing of ever finding a weapon that will finish the demon forever. MÄtali, his charioteer, then reminds Rāma to use his BrahmÄ weapon, which he fires while reciting the required sacred formulae. This weapon pierces Rāvaṇa's breast and comes out the other side, before returning submissively to Rāma's quiver. Rāvaṇa finally falls lifeless from his chariot. The celestials rejoice and the surviving demons depart. Rāma receives the homage of VibhÄ«á¹£aá¹‡a, whom he consoles on the death of his brother, and that of all the monkey leaders and JÄmbavÄn.

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Hanumān lands with his mountain peak just outside the walls of Laṅkā and various monkeys start to explore it. VibhÄ«á¹£aá¹‡a seems to be making a herbal poultice, while Suá¹£eá¹‡a holds a magical healing herb under Lakṣmaṇa's nose, which cures him miraculously. Lakṣmaṇa arises and he and Rāma embrace. Rāma tells him that neither Sītā, nor victory, nor life itself would hold any meaning for him without his brother, but Lakṣmaṇa reproves him: it is his duty to slay Rāvaṇa that very day and recover his wife. Demons run to tell Rāvaṇa in his palace of Hanumān 's arrival.

Hanumān lands with his mountain peak just outside the walls of Laṅkā and various monkeys start to explore it. VibhÄ«á¹£aá¹‡a seems to be making a herbal poultice, while Suá¹£eá¹‡a holds a magical healing herb under Lakṣmaṇa's nose, which cures him miraculously. Lakṣmaṇa arises and he and Rāma embrace. Rāma tells him that neither Sītā, nor victory, nor life itself would hold any meaning for him without his brother, but Lakṣmaṇa reproves him: it is his duty to slay Rāvaṇa that very day and recover his wife. Demons run to tell Rāvaṇa in his palace of Hanumān 's arrival.

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The Demons of Blackwater River Carry Away the Master, illustration from 'Myths and Legends of China', by Edward T.C. Werner, pub. by George G. Harrap & Co., 1922 (colour litho)

The Demons of Blackwater River Carry Away the Master, illustration from 'Myths and Legends of China', by Edward T.C. Werner, pub. by George G. Harrap & Co., 1922 (colour litho)

English School, (20th century)

BAL122549

Kumbhakará¹‡a is back on his chariot and is advancing with demons behind him, his battle standard marked with a snake. Rāma and his chief allies are holding a council, with many looking fearfully over the hill at the advancing Kumbhakará¹‡a. All the monkeys have fled before the mighty demon and one monkey, presumably Aṅgada with his golden armlets, is reproaching them and attempting to rally their spirits.

Kumbhakará¹‡a is back on his chariot and is advancing with demons behind him, his battle standard marked with a snake. Rāma and his chief allies are holding a council, with many looking fearfully over the hill at the advancing Kumbhakará¹‡a. All the monkeys have fled before the mighty demon and one monkey, presumably Aṅgada with his golden armlets, is reproaching them and attempting to rally their spirits.

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Malaysia / China: Carving of the god Erlang Shen, depicting his role in the 16th Century Ming Dynasty novel 'Fengshen Yanyi' ('Investiture of the Gods'). From Ping Sien Si Temple, Pasir Panjang Laut

Malaysia / China: Carving of the god Erlang Shen, depicting his role in the 16th Century Ming Dynasty novel 'Fengshen Yanyi' ('Investiture of the Gods'). From Ping Sien Si Temple, Pasir Panjang Laut

PFH3277804

Presages of the Millennium, published by Hannah Humphrey in 1795 (hand-coloured etching, engraving & aquatint)

Presages of the Millennium, published by Hannah Humphrey in 1795 (hand-coloured etching, engraving & aquatint)

Gillray, James (1757-1815)

NCO189734

Presages of the Millennium, published by Hannah Humphrey in 1795 (colour etching, engraving & aquatint)

Presages of the Millennium, published by Hannah Humphrey in 1795 (colour etching, engraving & aquatint)

Gillray, James (1757-1815)

XCF290983

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