Mappa Aestivarum Insularum, alias Barmudas dictarum. Single sheet, engraving., 1689 (engraving)

Creator: Arnoldus Montanus Single sheet, engraving. The background is a seachart of Bermuda and the neighbouring coasts of America and Hispaniola. Superimposed on this is a cadastral map, showing the land-holdings of the various 'tribes' (shares) and listing them (as at 1622) at the foot. The scale for the cadastral map is circa 1:70,000 with a bar scale in miles. The scales for seachart are in English miles and Dutch miles. North is at 40 degrees. The title cartouche is decorated with Triton and other sea figures. The scale cartouche depicts a surveyor assisted by Indians, with armed men and a fort in the background. This map sets out the origins and current state of Bermuda in 1622. It was colonised in 1612, incidental to reinforcement of the colonies in Virginia (Roanoke had already failed.) Bermuda was divided into eight tribes or shares to form the basis of land tenure, the proprietors of which were adventurers of the Virginia Company, and these were surveyed by Richard Norwood in 1615 to 1617.